9+ Best Restaurant Menu Price Calculators


9+ Best Restaurant Menu Price Calculators

A instrument designed for meals service institutions helps decide optimum promoting costs for menu objects. This usually entails calculating meals prices, contemplating overhead bills, and factoring in desired revenue margins. As an illustration, such a instrument would possibly think about ingredient prices, labor, hire, and utilities to counsel a worthwhile worth for a particular dish.

Correct pricing is essential for restaurant profitability and sustainability. Traditionally, pricing relied closely on instinct and competitor evaluation. Fashionable instruments provide data-driven insights, enabling companies to maximise income whereas remaining aggressive. This results in higher monetary administration and reduces the chance of underpricing or overpricing, which might respectively result in misplaced earnings or misplaced clients. Optimized pricing methods contribute to a restaurant’s long-term success.

This text will discover the assorted components concerned in efficient menu pricing, delve into completely different pricing methods, and focus on the advantages of utilizing devoted software program or instruments for this function.

1. Meals Value Share

Meals value share is a important element of any restaurant menu worth calculator. It represents the ratio of the price of elements to the promoting worth of a dish, expressed as a share. Managing this share successfully is crucial for profitability and knowledgeable pricing choices.

  • Ingredient Value Calculation

    Correct ingredient costing is the inspiration of meals value share. This entails monitoring the price of each ingredient in a dish, contemplating models of measure and potential waste. For instance, calculating the price of flour in a pizza requires realizing the worth per pound and the quantity used per pizza. Exact ingredient costing ensures a sensible meals value share.

  • Influence on Revenue Margin

    Meals value share immediately influences revenue margin. A decrease meals value share typically interprets to the next revenue margin. As an illustration, if a dish sells for $20 and its ingredient value is $5, the meals value share is 25%, leaving 75% for different bills and revenue. Sustaining a wholesome meals value share is essential for monetary stability.

  • Menu Worth Changes

    Meals value share informs menu worth changes. Fluctuations in ingredient costs necessitate recalculating meals value percentages and doubtlessly adjusting menu costs. If the worth of cheese will increase considerably, a pizzeria could must barely enhance pizza costs to keep up its goal revenue margin. Often reviewing and adjusting costs based mostly on meals value share ensures profitability regardless of market modifications.

  • Stock Administration

    Efficient stock administration performs an important position in controlling meals value share. Minimizing waste, optimizing buying practices, and precisely monitoring inventory ranges contribute to a decrease meals value share. For instance, implementing a first-in, first-out (FIFO) stock system helps scale back spoilage and waste, thereby positively impacting the general meals value share.

By understanding and successfully managing meals value share, eating places can leverage menu pricing calculators to make data-driven choices, optimize profitability, and guarantee long-term monetary well being. Often evaluating and adjusting pricing methods based mostly on fluctuating ingredient prices and market developments is crucial for sustained success.

2. Goal Revenue Margin

Goal revenue margin represents the specified share of income remaining in any case bills are deducted. It serves as a important enter for a restaurant menu worth calculator, immediately influencing pricing methods and general monetary success. Establishing a sensible goal revenue margin is crucial for sustainable restaurant operations.

A restaurant menu worth calculator makes use of the goal revenue margin to find out acceptable menu costs. The calculator considers meals prices, overhead bills, and the specified revenue margin to calculate the perfect promoting worth for every dish. For instance, if a restaurant goals for a 20% revenue margin and a dish has a meals value of $5 and overhead allotted at $2, the calculator would counsel a worth that yields $2.50 in revenue, leading to a complete worth of $9.50. With no outlined goal revenue margin, pricing turns into arbitrary and doubtlessly unsustainable.

A number of components affect the collection of a goal revenue margin. These embody the restaurant’s idea, market circumstances, competitors, and desired return on funding. Nice eating institutions usually purpose for larger revenue margins than informal eateries attributable to larger working prices and buyer expectations. Market evaluation and competitor pricing present benchmarks for setting practical targets. Understanding these components permits eating places to ascertain achievable revenue margins and make the most of the calculator successfully.

Often reviewing and adjusting the goal revenue margin is essential for adapting to altering market dynamics. Fluctuations in meals prices, rising overhead bills, or shifts in buyer demand necessitate reevaluating the goal revenue margin and adjusting menu costs accordingly. Failure to adapt can result in decreased profitability or misplaced market share. Steady monitoring and changes make sure the goal revenue margin stays aligned with the restaurant’s monetary objectives and market realities.

3. Overhead Bills

Overhead bills signify the oblique prices essential to function a restaurant, excluding direct prices like meals and labor. These bills are essential inputs for a restaurant menu worth calculator as a result of they considerably influence profitability and, consequently, menu pricing. Precisely accounting for overhead ensures menu costs cowl all operational prices and contribute to the specified revenue margin. Examples of overhead bills embody hire, utilities, advertising, and administrative prices. Failure to include these prices into menu calculations can result in underpricing and monetary instability. A restaurant with excessive hire in a first-rate location should issue this important overhead into its menu costs to keep up profitability.

Understanding the connection between overhead bills and menu pricing permits for strategic decision-making. Allocating overhead prices appropriately throughout completely different menu objects ensures every dish contributes to overlaying these bills. For instance, a restaurant would possibly allocate the next share of overhead to premium dishes with larger revenue margins. Analyzing overhead bills helps establish areas for potential value discount. Negotiating decrease hire or optimizing vitality consumption can scale back overhead, permitting for extra aggressive pricing or elevated revenue margins. This evaluation gives beneficial insights for environment friendly value administration.

Precisely incorporating overhead bills right into a restaurant menu worth calculator is crucial for long-term monetary well being. This ensures menu costs not solely cowl direct prices but in addition contribute to overlaying oblique operational prices and reaching goal revenue margins. Often reviewing and updating overhead figures within the calculator is essential, particularly in dynamic financial environments. This follow allows eating places to adapt to altering prices, preserve profitability, and make knowledgeable choices about menu pricing methods. Ignoring overhead prices in pricing calculations can result in unsustainable enterprise practices and potential failure.

4. Ingredient Prices

Ingredient prices signify the foundational expense in restaurant operations and play an important position in using a restaurant menu worth calculator successfully. Correct ingredient value monitoring is crucial for figuring out worthwhile menu costs and sustaining monetary stability. Understanding the assorted sides of ingredient prices permits eating places to optimize their pricing methods and maximize profitability.

  • Direct Prices

    Direct prices embody the uncooked supplies utilized in making ready dishes. This contains produce, meats, dairy, and pantry staples. For instance, the price of tomatoes, cheese, and dough contributes to the direct value of a pizza. Correct monitoring of those prices is paramount for calculating exact meals value percentages and setting acceptable menu costs. Utilizing a restaurant menu worth calculator, these direct prices are factored into the general worth of the dish, guaranteeing profitability.

  • Fluctuating Costs

    Ingredient costs are topic to market fluctuations attributable to seasonality, provide chain disruptions, and financial circumstances. The worth of avocados, as an example, can range considerably all year long. A restaurant menu worth calculator helps handle these fluctuations by permitting for changes based mostly on present ingredient prices. Often updating ingredient costs throughout the calculator ensures correct menu pricing and protects revenue margins.

  • Yield and Waste

    Yield refers back to the usable portion of an ingredient after preparation, whereas waste accounts for the unusable components. For instance, trimming a head of lettuce leads to waste, and solely the usable leaves contribute to the yield. A restaurant menu worth calculator considers yield and waste when figuring out ingredient prices. Accounting for these components ensures correct value calculations and prevents underestimating the true value of elements. This precision contributes to simpler pricing methods and prevents revenue erosion attributable to unaccounted waste.

  • Storage and Dealing with

    Correct storage and dealing with practices influence ingredient prices. Spoilage, improper storage temperatures, and inefficient dealing with can result in elevated waste and better ingredient prices. Whereas circuitously calculated within the menu worth itself, these components affect the general ingredient value used within the calculator. Minimizing waste by efficient storage and dealing with reduces ingredient prices, positively impacting profitability and permitting for extra aggressive menu pricing or larger revenue margins.

By meticulously monitoring and analyzing ingredient prices, eating places can leverage a restaurant menu worth calculator to make knowledgeable choices about menu pricing, optimize profitability, and adapt to dynamic market circumstances. Integrating these value components into the calculator ensures that menu costs mirror the true value of elements, contributing to a financially sustainable restaurant operation. Failing to precisely account for ingredient prices can result in underpricing, lowered profitability, and finally, enterprise failure.

5. Labor Prices

Labor prices, encompassing salaries, wages, advantages, and payroll taxes, represent a good portion of a restaurant’s working bills. These prices are integral to a restaurant menu worth calculator as a result of they immediately affect menu pricing methods and general profitability. Precisely accounting for labor prices ensures menu costs cowl staffing bills whereas contributing to the specified revenue margin. For instance, a restaurant with a excessive variety of expert cooks and servers may have larger labor prices than a quick-service institution, necessitating completely different pricing methods mirrored within the calculator’s outputs. Ignoring labor prices in menu calculations can result in underpricing and monetary instability.

Understanding the connection between labor prices and menu pricing permits for strategic staffing and operational choices. A restaurant would possibly modify staffing ranges throughout completely different service intervals to optimize labor prices whereas sustaining service high quality. Cross-training workers to carry out a number of roles may also improve effectivity and scale back labor prices. These operational changes influence the labor value element throughout the menu worth calculator, finally influencing menu costs. Analyzing labor prices relative to income helps establish alternatives for improved effectivity and value management. This evaluation can reveal areas the place labor prices may be lowered with out compromising service high quality, positively impacting profitability and permitting for extra aggressive pricing or larger revenue margins.

Integrating labor prices right into a restaurant menu worth calculator is crucial for knowledgeable monetary administration. This ensures menu costs cowl not solely meals and overhead prices but in addition the important expense of labor. Often reviewing and updating labor value figures throughout the calculator is essential, notably in environments with altering wage charges or staffing wants. This follow permits eating places to adapt to evolving labor market circumstances, preserve profitability, and make strategic choices about menu pricing and staffing ranges. Neglecting to account for labor prices in pricing calculations can jeopardize a restaurant’s monetary viability and long-term success.

6. Pricing Technique

Pricing technique is inextricably linked to the efficient utilization of a restaurant menu worth calculator. The calculator serves as a instrument to implement and refine numerous pricing methods, enabling eating places to attain particular monetary objectives and market positioning. A well-defined pricing technique guides the enter parameters and interpretation of the calculator’s output. As an illustration, a restaurant pursuing a premium pricing technique would enter larger goal revenue margins and doubtlessly account for larger high quality elements, leading to larger calculated menu costs. Conversely, a value-oriented restaurant would prioritize decrease meals prices and doubtlessly decrease revenue margins to keep up aggressive pricing, mirrored within the calculator’s steered costs. With no clear pricing technique, the calculator turns into merely a instrument for calculation with no guiding framework for decision-making.

Totally different pricing methods leverage the calculator’s performance in distinct methods. Value-plus pricing makes use of the calculator to find out a markup share based mostly on meals value and desired revenue margin. Worth-based pricing depends on perceived buyer worth to set costs, utilizing the calculator to make sure these costs cowl prices and yield acceptable earnings. Aggressive pricing makes use of the calculator to research competitor pricing and modify personal costs accordingly, sustaining market competitiveness whereas guaranteeing profitability. Understanding these numerous methods and the way they work together with the calculator is essential for efficient worth optimization. A tremendous eating institution would possibly use the calculator to implement premium pricing, reflecting high-quality elements and repair. A quick-casual restaurant would possibly deal with worth pricing, utilizing the calculator to stability affordability and profitability. Efficient use of the calculator will depend on the chosen pricing technique.

A deep understanding of pricing methods is crucial for maximizing the advantages of a restaurant menu worth calculator. The calculator gives the analytical framework, however the pricing technique dictates the inputs and guides the interpretation of the outcomes. Successfully aligning pricing technique with the calculators capabilities empowers eating places to make knowledgeable pricing choices, optimize profitability, and obtain desired market positioning. Challenges could come up when market circumstances shift or ingredient prices fluctuate, requiring changes to the pricing technique and recalibration of the calculator’s inputs. Often reviewing and refining the chosen pricing technique, along with the calculator, ensures ongoing effectiveness and flexibility in a dynamic market. This iterative course of is essential for sustained success within the aggressive restaurant business.

7. Menu Engineering

Menu engineering and restaurant menu worth calculators are intrinsically linked. Menu engineering analyzes the profitability and recognition of menu objects to optimize menu design and maximize income. A restaurant menu worth calculator performs an important position on this course of by offering the required information on meals prices, goal revenue margins, and potential menu worth changes. Menu engineering makes use of this information to categorize dishes based mostly on profitability and recognition, informing choices about menu placement, pricing changes, and potential merchandise elimination or promotion. As an illustration, a dish with excessive profitability and low recognition would possibly profit from a extra distinguished menu placement or a worth adjustment calculated utilizing the instrument, whereas a low-profitability, low-popularity merchandise may be faraway from the menu altogether.

The sensible significance of understanding this connection lies within the capacity to create a data-driven menu that maximizes profitability. Menu engineering identifies alternatives to strategically modify costs, promote high-profit objects, and section out underperforming dishes. The restaurant menu worth calculator facilitates these changes by offering correct value and revenue calculations. For instance, a restaurant would possibly establish a preferred however low-profitability appetizer. Utilizing the calculator, they’ll decide a worth enhance that maintains its attraction whereas enhancing its contribution to general revenue. This synergy between menu engineering and the calculator permits for knowledgeable choices that immediately influence the restaurant’s backside line. Moreover, menu engineering rules, mixed with the calculator’s information, can information choices about introducing new menu objects with optimized pricing methods from the outset, maximizing their potential for achievement.

Efficient menu administration requires a steady cycle of research and adjustment. Menu engineering gives the framework for analyzing menu efficiency, whereas the restaurant menu worth calculator empowers data-driven changes. This iterative course of ensures that menus stay optimized for profitability in response to altering buyer preferences, ingredient prices, and market dynamics. Challenges could come up when balancing profitability with buyer satisfaction. Elevating the worth of a extremely in style merchandise would possibly deter some clients, even when justified by value evaluation. Balancing these competing components requires cautious consideration and strategic decision-making, knowledgeable by the information offered by the calculator and the insights gained by menu engineering. Finally, the profitable integration of those two instruments results in a dynamic and worthwhile menu that meets each buyer calls for and enterprise goals.

8. Competitor Evaluation

Competitor evaluation is crucial for knowledgeable restaurant pricing choices. Understanding competitor pricing methods gives context for successfully utilizing a restaurant menu worth calculator. Analyzing competitor menus permits eating places to place themselves strategically throughout the market, balancing competitiveness with profitability. This evaluation informs choices about pricing methods, menu choices, and general market positioning, guaranteeing the restaurant stays aggressive whereas reaching monetary goals.

  • Direct Worth Comparisons

    Direct worth comparisons contain evaluating the costs of comparable menu objects supplied by rivals. This data is essential for setting aggressive costs and understanding market worth. A restaurant menu worth calculator can then be used to find out whether or not matching or undercutting competitor costs is financially possible whereas sustaining desired revenue margins. For instance, if a competitor affords the same burger for $12, a restaurant can use the calculator to find out the price of their burger and determine whether or not they can provide it at a aggressive worth level whereas remaining worthwhile.

  • Menu Merchandise Differentiation

    Competitor evaluation reveals alternatives for menu merchandise differentiation. If rivals provide related dishes, a restaurant can discover distinctive variations or higher-quality elements to justify the next worth level. The restaurant menu worth calculator helps decide the fee implications of those differentiations and set costs accordingly. As an illustration, a restaurant would possibly provide a premium burger with domestically sourced, natural elements at the next worth level than rivals utilizing standard elements. The calculator helps guarantee this differentiation is mirrored appropriately within the last worth.

  • Goal Market Alignment

    Understanding competitor goal markets helps refine a eating places personal goal market and pricing technique. A restaurant aiming for a extra upscale clientele would possibly set costs larger than rivals concentrating on budget-conscious diners. The restaurant menu worth calculator assists in setting costs that align with the chosen goal market whereas contemplating prices and desired revenue margins. For instance, a tremendous eating institution concentrating on prosperous clients would possibly set larger costs for dishes utilizing premium elements, reflecting the goal market’s expectations and the restaurant’s positioning. The calculator helps guarantee these costs stay worthwhile.

  • Promotional Methods

    Competitor evaluation gives insights into competitor promotional methods, equivalent to reductions, comfortable hour offers, and loyalty applications. This data helps eating places develop aggressive promotions with out compromising profitability. The restaurant menu worth calculator can be utilized to mannequin the monetary influence of varied promotional affords, guaranteeing they align with general pricing technique and monetary goals. For instance, a restaurant would possibly think about providing a reduced lunch menu to compete with a close-by competitor. The calculator helps decide the optimum low cost degree to draw clients whereas sustaining profitability.

By integrating competitor evaluation into the menu pricing course of, eating places can leverage the restaurant menu worth calculator to make data-driven pricing choices that stability competitiveness with profitability. This evaluation gives beneficial market insights, permitting eating places to place themselves strategically and optimize menu pricing for sustained success. Often conducting competitor evaluation and adjusting pricing methods accordingly is essential for adapting to dynamic market circumstances and sustaining a aggressive edge.

9. Software program Options

Software program options play an important position in streamlining and optimizing the method of menu pricing throughout the restaurant business. These specialised instruments provide superior options and functionalities that transcend primary restaurant menu worth calculators, enabling extra subtle pricing methods and environment friendly value administration. Integrating software program options into restaurant operations enhances accuracy, reduces guide effort, and gives beneficial data-driven insights for knowledgeable decision-making.

  • Automated Calculations

    Software program options automate advanced calculations concerned in menu pricing, eliminating the necessity for guide spreadsheets and lowering the chance of human error. These instruments can robotically calculate meals prices, revenue margins, and ultimate menu costs based mostly on pre-defined parameters and real-time information. This automation saves time and assets, permitting restaurant managers to deal with different important points of the enterprise. For instance, a software program resolution can robotically replace menu costs based mostly on fluctuating ingredient prices, guaranteeing constant profitability.

  • Recipe Administration

    Many software program options provide built-in recipe administration options. This performance permits eating places to retailer and handle recipes digitally, robotically calculating ingredient prices based mostly on present market costs. Adjustments to recipes are robotically mirrored in value calculations and menu costs, guaranteeing accuracy and consistency. This integration simplifies the menu pricing course of and gives a centralized platform for managing recipe and value data. As an illustration, if a chef modifies a recipe to incorporate a dearer ingredient, the software program robotically updates the fee and suggests a revised menu worth.

  • Gross sales Information Integration

    Integrating gross sales information with menu pricing software program gives beneficial insights into buyer preferences and menu merchandise efficiency. This information permits eating places to establish in style dishes, analyze gross sales developments, and make data-driven choices about menu pricing and engineering. By understanding which dishes are most worthwhile and in style, eating places can optimize menu choices and pricing methods accordingly. For instance, a software program resolution would possibly establish a high-profit, low-popularity dish, prompting the restaurant to think about promotional methods or menu placement changes to extend gross sales.

  • Reporting and Analytics

    Software program options provide sturdy reporting and analytics options that present beneficial insights into restaurant efficiency. These stories can observe meals prices, revenue margins, gross sales information, and different key metrics, enabling data-driven decision-making. This data empowers eating places to establish areas for value optimization, refine pricing methods, and enhance general profitability. For instance, stories can spotlight dishes with excessive meals prices or low revenue margins, prompting additional evaluation and potential changes to recipes or pricing.

By integrating these software program options into their operations, eating places can leverage superior functionalities that improve the capabilities of primary restaurant menu worth calculators. These instruments present beneficial data-driven insights, streamline operations, and allow extra subtle pricing methods, finally contributing to elevated profitability and environment friendly restaurant administration. The insights gained from software program options can be utilized to tell choices about menu engineering, competitor evaluation, and general enterprise technique, additional enhancing the restaurant’s potential for achievement. The funding in sturdy software program options represents a strategic transfer in direction of optimized pricing, environment friendly value management, and data-driven decision-making throughout the aggressive restaurant panorama.

Steadily Requested Questions

This part addresses widespread inquiries relating to restaurant menu pricing calculators and their efficient utilization.

Query 1: How does a restaurant menu worth calculator differ from conventional pricing strategies?

Conventional strategies usually depend on instinct and estimated prices, doubtlessly resulting in inconsistencies and inaccurate pricing. Calculators present a structured, data-driven strategy, contemplating all related prices and desired revenue margins for extra exact and worthwhile pricing.

Query 2: What are the important thing inputs required for correct calculations?

Important inputs embody ingredient prices, portion sizes, labor prices, overhead bills, and goal revenue margin. Correct information enter ensures dependable output and efficient pricing choices.

Query 3: How can fluctuating ingredient prices be managed successfully utilizing these calculators?

Often updating ingredient prices throughout the calculator permits for dynamic worth changes, sustaining profitability regardless of market fluctuations. Some software program options combine with stock administration programs for automated value updates.

Query 4: How do these calculators account for various pricing methods?

Calculators adapt to varied pricing methods by permitting changes to focus on revenue margins and value allocations. Customers can tailor inputs based mostly on whether or not they’re pursuing cost-plus, value-based, or aggressive pricing methods.

Query 5: What position does menu engineering play along with a worth calculator?

Menu engineering analyzes menu merchandise efficiency. Calculators present information on value and profitability, enabling strategic worth changes and menu optimization based mostly on recognition and profitability metrics.

Query 6: Are there software program options that combine menu pricing calculators with different restaurant administration instruments?

Sure, numerous software program options combine pricing calculators with stock administration, point-of-sale programs, and recipe administration instruments, providing complete options for streamlined operations and data-driven decision-making.

Understanding these key points of restaurant menu pricing calculators empowers knowledgeable decision-making, optimized pricing methods, and finally, improved profitability and monetary stability.

The next part will discover case research demonstrating the sensible utility and advantages of using these instruments in real-world restaurant eventualities.

Ideas for Efficient Menu Pricing

Optimizing menu costs requires a strategic strategy. The next ideas present steerage for successfully utilizing a restaurant menu worth calculator and implementing worthwhile pricing methods.

Tip 1: Correct Value Monitoring:

Meticulous monitoring of all ingredient prices, together with models of measure and waste, is prime. Correct value information ensures exact calculations and dependable pricing choices. For instance, precisely monitoring the price of spices, oils, and garnishes, even in small portions, ensures complete value accounting.

Tip 2: Common Updates:

Ingredient prices fluctuate. Often updating these prices throughout the calculator ensures correct menu costs and constant profitability. Set up a schedule for reviewing and updating prices, particularly for unstable elements like produce and seafood.

Tip 3: Strategic Pricing Methods:

Totally different dishes warrant completely different pricing methods. Excessive-demand objects can usually tolerate larger markups, whereas lower-demand dishes could profit from aggressive pricing or bundling methods. Analyze gross sales information and buyer preferences to tell these choices.

Tip 4: Think about All Prices:

Menu costs should cowl all operational bills, together with meals prices, labor, hire, utilities, and advertising. Precisely inputting these prices into the calculator ensures worthwhile pricing that sustains your complete enterprise.

Tip 5: Goal Margin Flexibility:

Goal revenue margins shouldn’t be static. Often assessment and modify goal margins based mostly on market circumstances, competitor pricing, and enterprise objectives. Flexibility ensures optimum profitability in dynamic market environments.

Tip 6: Menu Engineering Integration:

Combine menu engineering rules with pricing choices. Analyze menu merchandise recognition and profitability to tell pricing changes, menu placement, and promotional methods. Use the calculator to find out the monetary implications of menu engineering choices.

Tip 7: Leverage Expertise:

Discover software program options that supply superior options like recipe administration, gross sales information integration, and automatic reporting. These instruments improve accuracy, effectivity, and data-driven decision-making.

Implementing the following pointers ensures efficient utilization of a restaurant menu worth calculator, resulting in optimized menu pricing, enhanced profitability, and sustainable monetary efficiency.

The concluding part will summarize key takeaways and emphasize the significance of incorporating these methods for long-term success.

Conclusion

Restaurant menu worth calculators present important instruments for data-driven decision-making within the meals service business. This exploration has highlighted the significance of correct value monitoring, strategic pricing methods, and the combination of menu engineering rules. Efficient utilization of those instruments requires a complete understanding of meals prices, labor bills, overhead, and goal revenue margins. Moreover, integrating software program options enhances effectivity and gives beneficial insights for optimized pricing and operational administration. The dynamic nature of the restaurant business necessitates steady adaptation and refinement of pricing methods.

Strategic menu pricing is paramount for sustained profitability and competitiveness throughout the restaurant business. Embracing data-driven approaches by instruments like restaurant menu worth calculators empowers knowledgeable choices, optimized useful resource allocation, and finally, contributes to long-term success. Steady monitoring, evaluation, and adaptation stay essential for navigating the evolving culinary panorama and reaching sustained monetary well being.